Active ETFs

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The WSJ reports that actively managed ETFs are slowly making headway:

Big-name fund firms are finally embracing actively managed exchange-traded funds, just not in the sweeping way many once envisioned.

The past few weeks have seen a spate of active ETFs unveiled by some of the best-known ETF firms, including BlackRock’s iShares unit, Allianz’s Pacific Investment Management Co. and Vanguard Group.

But for a number of reasons, both philosophical and commercial, these giant firms have so far steered clear of listing active stock funds, focusing instead on investing niches such as commodities and Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, or TIPS.

To be sure, it’s too early to tell whether active ETFs will be confined to niche status in the long run. Some smaller players, including Grail Advisors and AdvisorShares Investments, have launched stock-picking versions this year. It’s possible these funds could one day rival those of Fidelity Investments or American Funds—although that day remains a long way off.

BlackRock’s iShares unit launched its first actively managed ETF in November, a fund that employs a number of exotic investment strategies, such as betting on small price discrepancies between different types of futures contracts.

IShares says the new fund shares the same goal as its other ETFs, which is to give investors access to a certain type of investment. But in this case, the firm said, an active fund seemed like a more convenient vehicle. In fact, iShares even goes so far as to play down the fund’s novelty. The iShares Web site avoids calling the new ETF “active,” adding merely that it “is not intended to track the performance of any index or other benchmark.”

Of the three big-name firms, Pimco seems least ambivalent about active ETFs. Since its first ETF started up in June, the bond-fund giant has launched four more passive ETFs but also two active funds, one aiming at short-term bonds and another at intermediate-term municipals.

One other factor helps explain why active bond ETFs may be catching on sooner than stock-market versions. The first active ETFs began trading in the spring of 2008, not the best time to launch a stock fund given the bear market of last year and early this year.

A related factor: So far this year, investors have poured more than $40 billion into bond ETFs, while yanking about $20 billion from stock vehicles, according to the National Stock Exchange.

Again, I welcome all new options that expand investment opportunities. That does not mean that every new product is a sensible one for the individual investor, but at least it’s worthy of examination.

In the case of active ETFs, or any other new “invention”, I will not jump on the bandwagon right away, but watch price developments and volume for some nine months. That will allow me to better determine momentum changes and chart trend direction while examining comparisons with other ETF choices.

If these products hold up well, they will then become a part of my data base and serve as an additional resource for the next buy cycle, whenever that occurs.

No Load Fund/ETF Tracker updated through 12/10/2009

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My latest No Load Fund/ETF Tracker has been posted at:

http://www.successful-investment.com/newsletter-archive.php

Hugging the unchanged line was the mantra of the week, as the 1,100 level of the S&P; 500 still provided fierce resistance.

Our Trend Tracking Index (TTI) for domestic funds/ETFs has now crossed its trend line (red) to the upside by +6.80% keeping the current buy signal intact. The effective date was June 3, 2009.



The international index has now broken above its long-term trend line by +10.69%. A Buy signal was triggered effective May 11, 2009. We are holding our positions subject to a trailing stop loss.

[Click on charts to enlarge]
For more details, and the latest market commentary, as well as the updated No load Fund/ETF StatSheet, please see the above link.

Sell Stops And Ultra ETFs

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In a follow up to yesterday’s post, reader Mark had this to say:

When you use ultra funds or ETFs, what % trailing stop loss do you use to reduce the inevitable whipsaws? 12%, 14% or do you just stick with 7% despite the whipsaws?

For me, it’s not much of a problem since I don’t use ultra funds at all in my advisory business. The volatility is simply too high for investors with a moderate risk tolerance, which is the category many fall into.

Sure, you can use the 7% rule, but chances are that you get stopped out quickly. If you are very aggressive, you can double the trailing sell stop to 14%.

Personally, as have posted about before, some of these ultra funds did not always live up their expectations in terms of accomplishing their stated performance objective. Some have underperformed, which means that you took on more risk without the corresponding potential reward.

I think that these types of leveraged ETFs satisfy the gambling instinct some investors possess. As more of these products are being introduced with 3 times and 4 times leverage, or even more, it makes it difficult to apply simple trend tracking rules. Instead, they’re promoting nothing but a casino like atmosphere.

Tough Overhead Resistance

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It’s been almost a month that the S&P; 500 has hovered around the 1,100 mark, which has become a major point of resistance. Any attempts to clearly pierce through this level have been rebuffed so far.

This resistance has coincided with our Domestic Trend Tracking Index (TTI) finally closing its gaps as I alluded to in “How High Can We Go?”

Here’s an updated chart of the TTI:



As you can see, the exhaustion gaps, indentified by the large red arrows on the left, have been closed. This means the rebound in prices, since the lows in March 09, has passed the starting point of the first gap just above the upper red arrow.

Technically speaking, this could mean that major trend reversal is in the making. While these patterns are not always a reliable timing indicator, they have increased the odds that directional changes are a distinct possibility.

Recent market activity has confirmed the difficulty of the major averages to clearly pierce these levels. Should upward momentum resume, and this current glass ceiling gets shattered, we may be off to the races again with higher prices ahead.

Right now, I would not hold my breath for that to happen given how far the market has come and the still weak economic fundamentals. I am watching all sell stops closely and will execute them as they get triggered. I suggest you do the same.

Head Fake

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Reader Pat had this recent experience:

Look forward to your weekly e-mails.

Question:
Last Friday’s jobs report showed how sensitive the market is to fear that the Fed will raise rates. It is not an “if” issue, but “when.”

Knowing that the rise is inexorable, what ETFs can be used to capitalize on the rise in rates? I bought TBT with the head fake in rates this last June and LOST big. What is a more prudent way of capitalizing on the inevitable??

First, even if you entered the trade back in June, your loss should have been within reason if you used my recommended sell stop discipline. If you did, you simply experienced a whip saw signal, which nobody likes, but which is part of trend tracking.

Second, whenever you use an ETF on steroids (any ETF with an “ultra” designation) you may have potentially a greater reward but, if you’re wrong, your losses will be magnified.

Third, the direction of interest rates is the big unknown. With the economy being what it is, we won’t see higher rates for some time to come, unless an unforeseen event causes a sudden change.

You did everything correct by reading the TBT’s break above its long-term trend line. Sometimes trends get started and simply fizzle out as you just experienced. There is nothing you can do other than to look for the next opportunity. Just be sure, to keep your losses small via the sell stop discipline.

I have found that breakouts above trend lines, especially in sectors, tend to be fickle and can lead to head fakes occasionally, which means you may have to attempt a purchase several times before you catch the main direction.

As is the case with all investing endeavors, it takes patience, consistency and unemotional decision making to come out ahead in the long term.

The Tax Advantages Of ETFs

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It’s a well known fact that ETFs offer certain tax advantages over mutual funds. How do they come about? For more details please read “The ETF Creation and Redemption Process Explained:”

Exchange traded funds (ETFs) are truly unique products with a number of advantages. One of the “pros” of ETFs is their tax efficiency, which is a direct result of how ETF shares are created and redeemed.

The basic creation and redemption process of ETF shares is practically the exact opposite of mutual fund shares, writes James E. McWhinney for Investopedia. When investors in mutual funds make redemptions, shares held within the fund need to be sold in order to raise cash to meet that redemption, triggering a taxable event. This isn’t always the case with ETFs, though.

ETFs minimize tax liabilities by paying large redemptions with shares of stock and the shares with the lowest cost basis in the trust are given to the redeemer. The result is an increase in the cost basis of the ETFs overall holdings but a reduction in capital gains. The low turnover means that capital gains in ETFs are relatively rare as a result of the creation/redemption process.

While minimizing tax liabilities is a unique benefit of ETFs, it does not mean that you should forget about mutual funds altogether.

To me, it’s all about selecting the most appropriate investment at the time you are planning to deploy money in the market. In terms of trend tracking this means that a mutual fund that steadily goes with the trend without too much volatility is preferable to a tax advantaged ETF that bounces around like super ball in a trampoline factory.

This is exactly what happened during this current buy cycle, especially in the international arena, where more mutual funds than ETFs remained below their 7% sell stop limit. I touched on that in “When Less Is More” and “Using The Benefit Of Hindsight.”