Thoughts On The Obama Bailout Plan

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The upcoming Obama bailout plan has made headlines recently as the size of the future spending endeavor seems to increase in direct proportion to daily worsening economic news.

24/7 Wall Street featured a piece called “The Obama Bailout Plan: Spending Beyond The Imagination.”

Let’s look at some highlights:

It has occurred to the administration-in-waiting that every day that passes, every day between now and the January 20 swearing in, is a day in which the diving economy accelerates it move down.

There has not been a single figure on unemployment, housing, or consumer spending that would lead economists to believe that 2009 will be better than this year. As a matter of fact, a consensus is forming that it could be much, much worse.

According to Bloomberg, Christina Romer, Obama’s pick to head the Council of Economic Advisers said “that the economy is likely to lose 3 million to 4 million jobs over the next year and the unemployment rate is likely to rise to above 9 percent.” If that is true, the current Obama plan to put $675 million to $775 billion into the economy, primarily by creating jobs through building out infrastructure for information, medical technology, education, energy transport, and broadband will not be nearly enough.

Experts are beginning to think that the size of the rescue package will have to be closer to $1 trillion, a figure which would have been almost unimaginable a year ago when some still hoped that there would be no recession at all or that a recession would be shallow and short. The amount is so staggeringly large that there is a great deal of debate about how the federal government will come up with the capital unless it wants to push an astonishingly high tax burden onto businesses and individuals. This tax burden could start to come due in just a few years if there is any hope of bringing the federal deficit down before the middle of the next decade.

One of the potential weaknesses of the bailout is that it may be big enough but implementing it may take so long that it will do nothing to reverse the employment and housing problems before very late next year. Setting up and managing programs to build roads and schools will take months.

This rescue of the economy is going to be the largest federal program in history. That being the case, it would be good if it could be given every opportunity to work.

The only way to create or save jobs quickly is to give incentives to businesses which are already in operation. Creating institutions to hire people may be noble, but it is painfully slow. The $1 trillion needs to be put to work in as few months as possible.

The best way to create jobs is to give employers huge incentives to hire people. One alternative would be for the government to pay a percentage of the first year salaries of any new employee a company brings on board. All the firms would have to do is prove employment though tax withholding documents. The government might offer to pay 50% of salaries up to a total of $50,000. That means the benefits would help a range of people from the very poor up to the higher end of the middle class. Each of the new jobs creates a new taxpayer. That at least cycles some income back to the federal government.

A trillion dollars may be enough to save the American economy. No one will know that for at least two or three years. Putting the money into the system at the rate that averages well under $50 billion a month over twenty four months won’t cut it. Things are going to hell far too fast.

To me, any government effort to apply a trillion dollars to job creations will have to involve a gigantic bureaucracy to oversee and implement a huge number of projects. Farming this out to private industries will most likely be the way to go, although I have my doubts as to whether this government sponsored enterprise will yield the desired results.

Let’s be positive and assume the expected job creations are realized and the trillion dollars is spent within 18 months or so. What will happen to the bureaucratic structure that has been built? Governments don’t dismantle any part of themselves, which means the taxpayer gets to foot the bill to keep another useless government entity alive.

If this project fails, we will have mortgaged future generations with an unimaginable amount of money, when considering all of the government bailout plans, which may never get repaid.

Unfortunately, all assumptions are based on the (erroneous) fact that there will be a “V” type recovery, after which happy days are here again, so we all can participate again in the next real estate/credit orgy.

More On The Mortgage Shock

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Two days ago, on Sunday, I posted about “The Next Mortgage Shock.”

Reader Professor Bornstein (Professor of Accounting & Taxation of Kean University, School of Business, Union, NJ) had an interesting point of view that had not been considered in the story or in the referenced video.

In case you missed it, here’s what he said:

I would like to bring a very important NASE survey finding to the attention of all. I have been trying to bring this to the attention of Washington because they must address the following topic as quickly as possible.

This relates to the upcoming wave of Foreclosures in 2009 that are due to the resetting of the “Toxic” mortgages.

Many fail to realize that there are millions of self-employed smaller businesses, who employ from 1-10 employees that are holding these risky mortgages. So, here we have a major problem… Not only will these small business owners lose their homes, but there will be the resulting JOB LOSSES on their business failure. Note, although President-Elect Obama is stressing the need to create 3 million new jobs, we must understand that “JOB RETENTION IS AS IMPORTANT AS JOB CREATION”.

Our priority should be to be PROACTIVE in addressing these small business owners’ need to avoid defaulting on their mortgages. They require “Immediate and Specific Financial Guidance” to weather this storm.

The 2nd Wave of Foreclosures has made it to the mainstream Media. CBS’s 60 Minutes had a segment on 12/14/08, but they missed a very important point. Here is a post which may have merit for your blog…….

I would like to bring a very important bit of information to your attention that relates to this economic crisis that was overlooked until now.

On Sunday, 12/14/08, CBS 60 Minutes aired a segment “The Mortgage Meltdown”.

Scott Pelley’s piece on the 2nd Wave of Foreclosures overlooked a critical fact.

The segment missed the fact that this next wave of Foreclosures in 2009 will Take Self-Employed and Smaller Businesses who have these TOXIC mortgages. In fact, ALT-A, Option ARMS, Interest-Only, the TOXIC Mortgages that are considered the “Troubled” assets in TARP were specifically marketed to the self-employed who fell prey to them.

The upcoming defaults on these risky “Toxic Mortgages” will result in an increase in foreclosures. But worse, once these small businesses fail, the resulting loss of jobs will cause millions to add to the ranks of the unemployed. Note that self-employed business owners (16.2 million according to the SBA) employ between 1-10 employees.

An NASE survey at http://www.nase.org, was the first to provide compelling evidence of small business involvement in the upcoming toxic mortgage crisis. The survey was created by Prof. Samuel D. Bornstein and Jung I. Song, CPA of BornsteinSong Consultants in Oakhurst, NJ, and was conducted by the National Association for the Self-Employed (NASE) which issued a Press Release on November 21, 2008.

According to this survey, it is estimated that 3,709,800 small business owners hold Alt-A and other toxic mortgages, and 1,279,800 are already delinquent as they have missed one to three or more monthly mortgage payments at mid-November, before the expected Resets that are scheduled to begin in 4th Quarter 2008 through 2012.

These small business owners will be at-risk of payment shock and default as their monthly mortgage payments skyrocket. Small business owners were especially targeted for these Alt-A loans which required little or no documentation of income which appealed to many small business owners who previously were unable to qualify.

The resulting defaults will be the cause of the upcoming second tsunami wave of foreclosures that will dwarf the subprime crisis and will take many homeowners, small business owners, and their employees at this critical time when our economy can ill afford it.

I have to agree with Professor Bornstein’s assessment and have checked with a few accountants who all confirmed that most of their self-employed clients went for no-documentation loans when they purchased real estate a few years ago. And why not? If no one asks you to verify anything why bother offering to provide any kind of documentation.

The loan process has clearly failed because it was riddled with fraud and abuse during the real estate orgy of the past. Now it’s time to pay the piper.

The Dangers of Investing In Muni Funds

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For over a year I have warned against investing in municipal bond funds, because I believed that there would be some fallout from the credit crisis affecting this market segment as well, which turned out to be correct.

The weekly table in section 7 of my StatSheet (see table above) clearly showed that most of the muni funds I track have lost sharply. To me, it has never made much sense to invest for a good yield yet at the same time lose big on the principal side.

On that subject, Bloomberg reports that “Pimco Muni Funds Down as Much as 60% to Buy Auction Shares:”

Pacific Investment Management Co. plans to redeem preferred shares from six closed-end municipal bond funds that lost as much as 60 percent this year.

The Pimco funds, which plummeted after suspending dividend payments to common shareholders, said yesterday they will redeem $407 million in auction-rate shares next month, after declines in the municipal market drove their holdings below minimums relative to the amount of money they’ve borrowed.

Plunging debt prices have pushed closed-end funds to defer dividends and reduce borrowing to comply with U.S. securities law. Funds that issue preferred shares are required to maintain net assets of at least 200 percent of the amount of leverage. Municipal-fund investors are likely to show little patience for those that miss dividend payments, said Jeff Laverty, a closed- end fund analyst at Oscar Gruss & Son Inc. in New York.

“That’s the reason they’re in these things: to provide current income,” Laverty said.

The funds are Pimco New York Municipal Income, Municipal Income Fund II, California Municipal Income Fund II, Municipal Income Fund III, California Municipal Income Fund III and New York Municipal Income Fund III.

Closed-end funds, unlike the open-end variety, issue only a fixed number of common shares that trade on an exchange like stocks. Investors in the funds have suffered a series of blows this year that have pushed share prices to record discounts. In February, the auction-rate market collapsed, eliminating a source of new financing and leaving holders of preferred shares unable to sell. In recent months, falling prices on the bonds in their portfolios have forced the funds to cut their borrowing.

Pimco, a unit of Munich-based Allianz SE, announced the dividend suspension on its municipal funds Dec. 1.

“When Pimco suspended their dividends on six of their municipal funds because of asset coverage issues, their share prices tumbled,” Cecilia Gondor, a closed-end fund analyst at Thomas J. Herzfeld Advisors Inc. in Miami, said in an e-mail earlier this week.

The average return this year for municipal bond mutual funds tracked by Bloomberg has been a 14 percent drop. The six Pimco closed-end funds were down about 49 percent to 60 percent this year, placing them among the nine worst-performing funds in their class, data compiled by Bloomberg show.

Investors have shunned lower-rated securities in recent months, making it harder for municipal funds to find buyers for higher-yielding tax-exempt debt in the secondary market. Among the Pimco funds’ top holdings were securities backed by U.S. states’ and counties’ tobacco-settlement revenue, according to Bloomberg data.

Merrill Lynch & Co.’s total-return index of municipal tobacco bonds has lost 17.3 percent this year, the worst since the 1998 settlement with cigarette makers opened the door for the securities.

[emphasis added]

Those investors who mistakenly assumed that tax-free investing in Muni Funds, or any income funds for that matter, carries less risk than equities, have been bitterly disappointed by seeing their portfolios slashed in half. The lesson simply is that there is no investment in existence that you can assume to be safe from severe market declines.

So, let me play that same old song again to “never, ever invest in anything without an exit strategy.” I have been harping on this since the last bear market wiped out fortunes; unfortunately, I still have not been able to get the message across to everybody on Main Street America. If you’re reading this, and agree with it, please pass this blog and newsletter on to family, friends and co-workers.

Sunday Musings: The Next Mortgage Shock

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Wall Street, along with many investors, seems to long have forgotten Subprime mortgages, which ignited the economic crisis we’re currently in.

However, there are other dangers lurking which most people are not aware of. I am talking about the upcoming recasts of Alt-A (liar loans) and Pay-Option ARM mortgages (less than interest only loans).

The more recent focus has been on lower interest rates, and how they will actually help home owners lower their payments as their mortgages get reset. While this is true, the more important fact that has not been mentioned is what happens when their mortgages get recast.

So what’s the difference between reset and recast?

Most mortgage of the past are of the adjustable kind where the interest rates are adjusted (reset) once a year. With lower rates, that has benefited many homeowners. The problem is that just about all mortgages have a 5-year term, after which they are recast. It simply means that any negative amortization is added to the loan balance, which is then amortized over the remaining 25 years.

In that case, low interest rates won’t help much, because an amortized loan has higher payments than an interest only loan.

How much higher?

One reader wrote in and said that his payment went from $2,137 to $3,730 per month, which is an increase of almost 75%. It’s pretty clear that most people with these types of loans have not gotten a similar raise recently to absorb the difference in payments. This now has become no longer a matter of lower interest rates, but a matter of cash flow.

There are over $600 billions of these types of mortgage in the market with the majority having been placed in California and Florida.

CBS featured a video on the subject titled “A Second Mortgage Disaster On The Horizon.” It pretty much explains the upcoming mortgage resets over the next 2 years.

Why bring it up?

I am not trying to focus on the negatives here, but I am trying to realistically assess what is on the economic menu for the next couple of years. These mortgage recasts will certainly not contribute anything positive, so be prepared that there will be some kind of a fallout effect on the stock market as well.

Just because we are seeing a rebound rally off the lows right now does not mean all is well. To protect yourself, if you invest in the markets, always have an exit strategy, because it will save your bacon if you’re wrong or if unforeseen events suddenly reverse market direction.

This year has confirmed that simply holding on to investments no matter what is nothing more than gambling and/or unnecessary risk taking. If you lost because of it, don’t make the same mistake in the future again.

Looking At The Big Picture

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It’s easy to get caught up in the day-to-day news barrage and meaningless market fluctuations on Wall Street. Additionally, endless discussions as to whether we have hit a permanent bottom or not add to the confusion.

My point has always been that it’s far more important to focus on the bigger picture, which is why I look at major trends via my Trend Tracking Indexes and not minor ones, which may serve the day trader but not the long term investor.

Sometimes it is useful to look at current market activity in historical context to see if there are any parallels to give us some indication as to what might be in store in terms of market direction. Calculated Risk pointed to an excellent chart, which was first featured at dshort.com.

Take a look (double click to enlarge):



It shows the drops of the worst four bear markets in history. What immediately caught my attention was the fact how similar the Crash of 1929 was (left arrow) compared to this year’s drop of the S&P; 500 (right arrow).

Even though the measurement of the 1929 bear was done via the Dow Jones, while this year’s data represent the S&P; 500, there are uncanny parallels. I can now see where many forecasters have come up with the fact that we possibly could be in a bull market for a year or so, before the bottom slowly and surely drops out again in a similar fashion like in the 1929 crash. This is most likely were predictions of a low for the S&P; 500 of 450 to 650 have come from.

I have no idea, if the markets will play out a similar scenario as in 1929 although current economic conditions clearly support that possibility. However, I am sure of one thing. Many investors will be drawn back into the market if the bullish trend continues for some time. The assumption will be that happy times are here again and maybe they will be.

My view is that far more downside risk remains. However, by the time bearish tendencies become obvious to the public, the lessons of 2008 will be long forgotten, and most buy-and-hold investors will again take another serious portfolio hit as the markets slowly deteriorate.

As time goes on, I will review this chart occasionally to see if the similarities continue or if we in fact challenge history with a new bull market.

No Load Fund/ETF Tracker updated through 12/18/2008

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My latest No Load Fund/ETF Tracker has been posted at:

http://www.successful-investment.com/newsletter-archive.php

Despite a celebratory rally, caused by the lowest interest rates ever, the major indexes made no noticeable headway this week.

Our Trend Tracking Index (TTI) for domestic funds/ETFs remains below its trend line (red) by -8.51% thereby confirming the current bear market trend.



The international index now remains -21.01% below its own trend line, keeping us on the sidelines.

For more details, and the latest market commentary, as well as the updated No load Fund/ETF StatSheet, please see the above link.